Air-entraining in concrete is the intentional creation of small air bubbles in a batch by adding an air-entraining agent during mixing. A form of surfactant that allows bubbles of the desired size to form.
Example: Some examples of structures that require air entrained concrete in cold regions include parking structures, bridge decks, highway pavements, curbs, and sidewalks.
en: Concreto con aire incluido
Architectural concrete
Adjective+Noun
Architectural concrete is concrete that will be permanently exposed to view and therefore requires special care in selection of the concrete materials, forming, placing, and finishing to obtain the desired architectural appearance.
Example: Los Manantiales restaurant, Mexico City
en: Hormigón arquitectónico
Asphaltic concrete
Adjective+Noun
Asphalt concrete is a composite material commonly used to pave roads, parking lots, airports, and the core of dams.
Example: Asphalt concrete usually refers to stabilized granular soil, where sand or well-graded aggregate is mixed with between 3% and 10% bitumen to provide a durable.
en: Hormigón asfáltico
Cellular concrete
Adjective+Noun
Cellular concrete, also known as lightweight cellular concrete, low-density cellular concrete, is a cement-based suspension, with a minimum of 20% foam entrained in the mortar.
Example: Cellular concrete products include blocks, wall panels, floor and roof panels, and lintels.
en: Hormigón celular
Colored concrete
Adjective+Noun
Colored concrete, also known as decorative concrete, allows traditional grey concrete to be stained and dyed different colors. Concrete has been colored as far back as the early 1900s and was primarily used by companies who made precast structures for building facades.
Example: After brown and tan, dark gray is probably the most commonly used color for decorative concrete patios. It can be used to imitate stone, but also makes a great backdrop for bolder accent colors.
en: Hormigón coloreado
Cured concrete
Adjective+Noun
Curing of concrete is defined as providing adequate moisture, temperature, and time to allow the concrete to achieve the desired properties for its intended use.
Example: The application of the water is done to avoid the drying of the concrete surface. Usually, this method applies when the concrete is thinner.
For example, in building construction, the curing of the floor slab can be done with this method.
There are two methods to apply the water on concrete.
en: Hormigón curado
Exposed concrete
Adjective+Noun
Exposed concrete refers to concrete whose surface is a visible part of the architectural and interior design of the building. Strictly speaking, this refers to concrete surfaces that were in contact with the formwork shell when they were produced.
Example: Exposed aggregate concrete can almost be compared to a piece of granite or marble transformed by polishing: A plain, unremarkable surface has been stripped away to reveal the exceptional beauty lying beneath. In the case of concrete, that beauty is in the form of decorative aggregate, either natural or manufactured.
en: hormigón visto
Green concrete
Adjective+Noun
Green concrete is defined as a concrete which uses waste material as at least one of its components, or its production process does not lead to environmental destruction, or it has high performance and life cycle sustainability.
Example: The examples of such materials are recycled concrete aggregates, recycled demolition waste aggregates, glass aggregates, fly ash, blast furnace slag, manufactured sand, rice husk ash, silica fume and metakaolin.
en: hormigón verde
Insulating concrete
Adjective+Noun
Insulated concrete formwork or insulated concrete formwork is a formwork system for reinforced concrete usually made with a rigid thermal insulation that remains in place as a permanent interior and exterior substrate for walls, floors and ceilings.
Example: Before a heater is put into service for the first time, it will be necessary to slowly expel the excess moisture from the insulating concrete (setting) by gradually raising its temperature before any appreciable load is put on the heater.
en: Hormigón aislante
Porous concrete
Adjective+Noun
Pervious concrete is a special type of concrete with a high porosity used for concrete finning applications that allows water from precipitation and other sources to pass through directly, thereby reducing runoff from a site and allowing groundwater recharge.
Example: Porous concrete is concrete that is designed to trap water and allow it to percolate through to the ground below.
en: Hormigón poroso
Precast concrete
Adjective+Noun
Precast concrete is a construction product produced by pouring concrete into a reusable mold or "form" which is then cured in a controlled environment.
Example: Precast concrete is reinforced concrete that is cast away from the building site, and assembled on site. Some (but not all) precast concrete is available in standard shapes and dimensions: floor and roof planks, tees and double-tees are examples.
en: concreto prefabricado
Prestressed concrete
Adjective+Noun
Prestressed concrete refers to the construction technology of concrete structural elements intentionally subjected to compressive stresses prior to their commissioning.
Example: This system became known as “prestressed” concrete, because tension or stress was applied to the concrete beam before it was placed in position.
en: Hormigón pretensado
Reinforced concrete
Adjective+Noun
The construction technique of reinforced concrete, reinforced concrete or reinforced concrete consists of the combination of two materials, concrete and reinforcing steel.
Example: Beams are horizontal structural elements designed to carry lateral loads. When they are inclined or slanted, they are referred to as raker beams. Floor beams in a reinforced concrete building are normally designed to resist load from the floor slab, their own self-weight, the weight of the partitions/cladding, the weight of finishes, and other actions as may be applied.
en: Concreto Armado
Unreinforced concrete
Adjective+Noun
The construction technique of reinforced concrete, reinforced concrete or reinforced concrete consists of the combination of two materials, concrete and reinforcing steel. These materials are combined in order to form structural elements such as beams, columns, walls, foundations, slabs, among others.
Example: Unreinforced concrete stractures such as dams, retaining walls, quay units in harbor engineering are widely used. Rock structures - with similar behavior and treatment - such as tunnels and caverns are also commonly available.
